Endoxan    (DrugBank: -)

7 diseases
告示番号疾患名(ページ内リンク)臨床試験数
13多発性硬化症/視神経脊髄炎3
28全身性アミロイドーシス1
43顕微鏡的多発血管炎1
44多発血管炎性肉芽腫症5
85特発性間質性肺炎1
96クローン病1
222一次性ネフローゼ症候群1

13. 多発性硬化症/視神経脊髄炎 [臨床試験数:3,050,薬物数:2,147(DrugBank:348),標的遺伝子数:244,標的パスウェイ数:228
Searched query = "Multiple sclerosis/Neuromyelitis optica", "Multiple sclerosis", "Neuromyelitis optica", "MS", "NMOSD", "Devic disease", "Balo concentric sclerosis", "Baló concentric sclerosis"
The queries were searched in Public_title, Scientific_title, and Condition. Export date: 03/15/2021. Trials are sorted by Date_enrollment from most recent to oldest in the table.
3 / 3,050 trials found
No.TrialIDDate_
enrollment
Date_
registration
Public_titleScientific_titleConditionInterventionPrimary_
sponsor
Secondary_
sponsor
Recruitment_
Status
Inclusion_
agemin
Inclusion_
agemax
Inclusion_
gender
Target_
size
PhaseCountries
1EUCTR2007-000586-38-IT
(EUCTR)
21/12/200710/01/2008HIGH-DOSE IMMUNOSUPPRESSION WITH THIOTEPA AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE FOLLOWED BY AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS - NDHIGH-DOSE IMMUNOSUPPRESSION WITH THIOTEPA AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE FOLLOWED BY AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS - ND PATIENTS AFFECTED BY MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
MedDRA version: 6.1;Level: HLT;Classification code 10052785
Trade Name: THIOPLEX
INN or Proposed INN: Thiotepa
Trade Name: ENDOXAN BAXTER
INN or Proposed INN: Cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: NEUPOGEN
INN or Proposed INN: Filgrastim
OSPEDALE S. RAFFAELENULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
Italy
2EUCTR2006-002562-19-IT
(EUCTR)
21/04/200624/01/2007Immunoablation with Cyclophosphamide at high dosage and Rabbit antithymoglobulin followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in severe multiple sclerosis - LIGHTImmunoablation with Cyclophosphamide at high dosage and Rabbit antithymoglobulin followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in severe multiple sclerosis - LIGHT VERIFICARE Patients with multiple sclerosis, age between 18 and 50
MedDRA version: 6.1;Level: PT;Classification code 10028245
Trade Name: L04AA04 - IMMUNOGLOBULINA ANTITIMOCITARIA (DI CONIGLIO) IMMUNOGLOBULINA DI CONIGLIO ANTITIMOCITI UMANI THYMOGLOBULINE
Product Name: Thymoglobuline
INN or Proposed INN: Antithymocyte
Trade Name: Endoxan - ciclofosfamide
Product Name: Endoxan
INN or Proposed INN: Cyclophosfamide
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Oftalmologia e Genetica DINOG - Universita di GenovaNULLAuthorised-recruitment may be ongoing or finishedFemale: yes
Male: yes
12Italy
3EUCTR2008-005773-35-IT
(EUCTR)
15/01/2013AUTOLOUGUS STEM CELLS TRANSPLANTATION AFTER LINFOCYTE DEPLETION AS A NEW THERAPY FOR THE AGGRESSIVE AND DRUG RESISTANT FORMS OF MULTIPLE SLEROSIS IN THE ADULTS AND CHILDREN. - AUTOLOUGUS STEM CELLS TRANSPLANTATION IN SMAUTOLOUGUS STEM CELLS TRANSPLANTATION AFTER LINFOCYTE DEPLETION AS A NEW THERAPY FOR THE AGGRESSIVE AND DRUG RESISTANT FORMS OF MULTIPLE SLEROSIS IN THE ADULTS AND CHILDREN. - AUTOLOUGUS STEM CELLS TRANSPLANTATION IN SM MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
MedDRA version: 15.1;Level: LLT;Classification code 10028053;Term: MS;System Organ Class: 100000004852;Therapeutic area: Diseases [C] - Nervous System Diseases [C10]
Trade Name: ENDOXAN BAXTER
INN or Proposed INN: Cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: FLUDARA
INN or Proposed INN: Fludarabine
Trade Name: THYMOGLOBULINE
INN or Proposed INN: Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit)
Trade Name: MABTHERA
INN or Proposed INN: Rituximab
AZIENDA OSPEDALIERA DI PADOVANULLNAFemale: yes
Male: yes
Phase 1Italy

28. 全身性アミロイドーシス [臨床試験数:212,薬物数:234(DrugBank:72),標的遺伝子数:54,標的パスウェイ数:170
Searched query = "Systemic amyloidosis", "AL amyloidosis", "Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis", "Amyloid light-chain amyloidosis", "Familial amyloidosis", "Familial amyloid polyneuropathy", "Senile transthyretin amyloidosis", "Senile TTR amyloidosis"
The queries were searched in Public_title, Scientific_title, and Condition. Export date: 03/15/2021. Trials are sorted by Date_enrollment from most recent to oldest in the table.
1 / 212 trial found
No.TrialIDDate_
enrollment
Date_
registration
Public_titleScientific_titleConditionInterventionPrimary_
sponsor
Secondary_
sponsor
Recruitment_
Status
Inclusion_
agemin
Inclusion_
agemax
Inclusion_
gender
Target_
size
PhaseCountries
1EUCTR2006-007082-36-GR
(EUCTR)
16/10/200718/07/2007A Phase I/II trial of lenalidomide combined with cyclophosphamide and intermediate dose dexamethasone in patients with primary (AL) systemic amyloidosis - CDR in amyloidosisA Phase I/II trial of lenalidomide combined with cyclophosphamide and intermediate dose dexamethasone in patients with primary (AL) systemic amyloidosis - CDR in amyloidosis Primary (AL) amyloidosis in untreated patients or patientsw who have failed prior treatmentsTrade Name: REVLIMID
Trade Name: Endoxan
Trade Name: Dexamethasone
Trade Name: REVLIMID
INN or Proposed INN: Lenalidomide
INN or Proposed INN: Deaxamethasone
INN or Proposed INN: cyclophosphamide
Hellenic Oncology Cooperative GroupNULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
55Phase 1;Phase 2Greece

43. 顕微鏡的多発血管炎 [臨床試験数:85,薬物数:80(DrugBank:19),標的遺伝子数:13,標的パスウェイ数:85
Searched query = "Microscopic polyangiitis", "MPA"
The queries were searched in Public_title, Scientific_title, and Condition. Export date: 03/15/2021. Trials are sorted by Date_enrollment from most recent to oldest in the table.
1 / 85 trial found
No.TrialIDDate_
enrollment
Date_
registration
Public_titleScientific_titleConditionInterventionPrimary_
sponsor
Secondary_
sponsor
Recruitment_
Status
Inclusion_
agemin
Inclusion_
agemax
Inclusion_
gender
Target_
size
PhaseCountries
1EUCTR2006-001663-33-IT
(EUCTR)
09/06/200828/05/2008A randomised clinical trial of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide for remission induction in ANCA associated vasculitis - MYCYCA randomised clinical trial of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide for remission induction in ANCA associated vasculitis - MYCYC ANCA-associated vasculitis (Microscopic Polyangiitis, Wegener's granulomatosis)
MedDRA version: 9.1;Level: HLT;Classification code 10047113;Term: Vasculitides NEC
Trade Name: CELLCEPT
INN or Proposed INN: Mycophenolic acid
Trade Name: ENDOXAN BAXTER
INN or Proposed INN: Cyclophosphamide
Vasculitis and Lupus ClinicNULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
140France;Spain;Austria;Germany;United Kingdom;Italy;Sweden

44. 多発血管炎性肉芽腫症 [臨床試験数:84,薬物数:88(DrugBank:22),標的遺伝子数:13,標的パスウェイ数:37
Searched query = "Wegener granulomatosis", "Multiple vasculitis granulomatous disease", "Granulomatosis with polyangiitis"
The queries were searched in Public_title, Scientific_title, and Condition. Export date: 03/15/2021. Trials are sorted by Date_enrollment from most recent to oldest in the table.
5 / 84 trials found
No.TrialIDDate_
enrollment
Date_
registration
Public_titleScientific_titleConditionInterventionPrimary_
sponsor
Secondary_
sponsor
Recruitment_
Status
Inclusion_
agemin
Inclusion_
agemax
Inclusion_
gender
Target_
size
PhaseCountries
1EUCTR2011-001219-30-DE
(EUCTR)
17/01/201220/06/2011Clinical study comparing the new immunosuppresive drug gusperimus with the conventional treatment in Wegener’s GranulomatosisRandomised, Evaluator-Blinded, Multicentre, International, Parallel-Group, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial of Gusperimus versus Conventional Therapy in Relapse of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s Granulomatosis) - SPARROW study – SPAnidin in Relapsing gRanulomatosis with pOlyangiitis (Wegener’s granulomatosis) Relapse of Wegener’s Granulomatosis
MedDRA version: 14.0;Level: PT;Classification code 10047888;Term: Wegener's granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders
MedDRA version: 14.0;Level: LLT;Classification code 10047889;Term: Wegeners granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders;Therapeutic area: Diseases [C] - Immune System Diseases [C20]
Product Name: Gusperimus
INN or Proposed INN: gusperimus
Trade Name: Endoxan® 500 mg
Product Name: Cyclophosphamidum 500 mg
INN or Proposed INN: cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: Azathioprin-ratiopharm® 25 mg Filmtabletten
Product Name: Azathioprine 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: azathioprine
Trade Name: Metex 2,5 mg Tabletten
Product Name: Methotrexate 2.5 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Trade Name: METOJECT 10 mg/ml, solution injectable en seringue pré-remplie
Product Name: Methotrexate 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Nordic Pharma SASNULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
216France;United States;Czech Republic;Slovakia;Spain;Russian Federation;Netherlands;Germany;Italy;United Kingdom;Sweden
2EUCTR2011-001219-30-ES
(EUCTR)
14/10/201104/07/2011Clinical study comparing the new immunosuppresive drug gusperimus with the conventional treatment in Wegener?s GranulomatosisRandomised, Evaluator-Blinded, Multicentre, International, Parallel-Group, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial of Gusperimus versus Conventional Therapy in Relapse of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener?s Granulomatosis) - SPARROW study ? SPAnidin in Relapsing gRanulomatosis with pOlyangiitis (Wegener?s granulomatosis) Relapse of Wegener?s Granulomatosis
MedDRA version: 14.0;Level: PT;Classification code 10047888;Term: Wegener's granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders
MedDRA version: 14.0;Level: LLT;Classification code 10047889;Term: Wegeners granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders;Therapeutic area: Diseases [C] - Immune System Diseases [C20]
Product Name: Gusperimus
INN or Proposed INN: gusperimus
Trade Name: Endoxan® 500 mg
Product Name: Cyclophosphamidum 500 mg
INN or Proposed INN: cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: Azathioprin-ratiopharm® 25 mg Filmtabletten
Product Name: Azathioprine 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: azathioprine
Trade Name: Metex 2,5 mg Tabletten
Product Name: Methotrexate 2.5 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Trade Name: METOJECT 10 mg/ml, solution injectable en seringue pré-remplie
Product Name: Methotrexate 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Nordic Pharma FranceNULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
216United Kingdom;Slovakia;Russian Federation;Germany;Czech Republic;Netherlands;France;Spain;Italy;United States;Sweden
3EUCTR2011-001219-30-SK
(EUCTR)
28/09/201105/10/2011Clinical study comparing the new immunosuppresive drug gusperimus with the conventional treatment in Wegener’s GranulomatosisRandomised, Evaluator-Blinded, Multicentre, International, Parallel-Group, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial of Gusperimus versus Conventional Therapy in Relapse of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s Granulomatosis) - SPARROW study – SPAnidin in Relapsing gRanulomatosis with pOlyangiitis (Wegener’s granulomatosis) Relapse of Wegener’s Granulomatosis
MedDRA version: 14.0;Level: PT;Classification code 10047888;Term: Wegener's granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders
MedDRA version: 14.0;Level: LLT;Classification code 10047889;Term: Wegeners granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders;Therapeutic area: Diseases [C] - Immune System Diseases [C20]
Product Name: Gusperimus
INN or Proposed INN: gusperimus
Trade Name: Endoxan® 500 mg
Product Name: Cyclophosphamidum 500 mg
INN or Proposed INN: cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: Azathioprin-ratiopharm® 25 mg Filmtabletten
Product Name: Azathioprine 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: azathioprine
Trade Name: Metex 2,5 mg Tabletten
Product Name: Methotrexate 2.5 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Trade Name: METOJECT 10 mg/ml, solution injectable en seringue pré-remplie
Product Name: Methotrexate 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Nordic Pharma SASNULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
216France;United States;Czech Republic;Slovakia;Spain;Russian Federation;Netherlands;Germany;Italy;United Kingdom;Sweden
4EUCTR2011-001219-30-SE
(EUCTR)
31/08/201121/06/2011Clinical study comparing the new immunosuppresive drug gusperimus with the conventional treatment in Wegener’s GranulomatosisRandomised, Evaluator-Blinded, Multicentre, International, Parallel-Group, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial of Gusperimus versus Conventional Therapy in Relapse of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s Granulomatosis) - SPARROW study – SPAnidin in Relapsing gRanulomatosis with pOlyangiitis (Wegener’s granulomatosis) Relapse of Wegener’s Granulomatosis
MedDRA version: 13.1;Level: PT;Classification code 10047888;Term: Wegener's granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders
MedDRA version: 13.1;Level: LLT;Classification code 10047889;Term: Wegeners granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders;Therapeutic area: Diseases [C] - Immune System Diseases [C20]
Product Name: Gusperimus
INN or Proposed INN: gusperimus
Trade Name: Endoxan® 500 mg
Product Name: Cyclophosphamidum 500 mg
INN or Proposed INN: cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: Azathioprin-ratiopharm® 25 mg Filmtabletten
Product Name: Azathioprine 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: azathioprine
Trade Name: Metex 2,5 mg Tabletten
Product Name: Methotrexate 2.5 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Trade Name: METOJECT 10 mg/ml, solution injectable en seringue pré-remplie
Product Name: Methotrexate 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Nordic Pharma FranceNULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
216France;United States;Czech Republic;Slovakia;Spain;Russian Federation;Netherlands;Germany;Italy;United Kingdom;Sweden
5EUCTR2011-001219-30-CZ
(EUCTR)
18/08/201120/06/2011Clinical study comparing the new immunosuppresive drug gusperimus with the conventional treatment in Wegener’s GranulomatosisRandomised, Evaluator-Blinded, Multicentre, International, Parallel-Group, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial of Gusperimus versus Conventional Therapy in Relapse of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener’s Granulomatosis) - SPARROW study – SPAnidin in Relapsing gRanulomatosis with pOlyangiitis (Wegener’s granulomatosis) Relapse of Wegener’s Granulomatosis
MedDRA version: 13.1;Level: PT;Classification code 10047888;Term: Wegener's granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders
MedDRA version: 13.1;Level: LLT;Classification code 10047889;Term: Wegeners granulomatosis;System Organ Class: 10047065 - Vascular disorders;Therapeutic area: Diseases [C] - Immune System Diseases [C20]
Product Name: Gusperimus
INN or Proposed INN: gusperimus
Trade Name: Endoxan® 500 mg
Product Name: Cyclophosphamidum 500 mg
INN or Proposed INN: cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: Azathioprin-ratiopharm® 25 mg Filmtabletten
Product Name: Azathioprine 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: azathioprine
Trade Name: Metex 2,5 mg Tabletten
Product Name: Methotrexate 2.5 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Trade Name: METOJECT 10 mg/ml, solution injectable en seringue pré-remplie
Product Name: Methotrexate 25 mg
INN or Proposed INN: methotrexate
Nordic Pharma FranceNULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
216France;United States;Czech Republic;Slovakia;Spain;Russian Federation;Netherlands;Germany;Italy;United Kingdom;Sweden

85. 特発性間質性肺炎 [臨床試験数:514,薬物数:377(DrugBank:108),標的遺伝子数:97,標的パスウェイ数:204
Searched query = "Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia", "IIPs", "Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis", "IPF", "Usual interstitial pneumonia", "UIP", "Non-specific interstitial pneumonia", "NSIP", "Acute interstitial pneumonia", "AIP", "Diffuse alveolar damage", "DAD", "COP", "Organizing pneumonia", "OP", "Desquamative interstitial pneumonia", "DIP", "Respiratory bronchiolitis - associated interstitial lung disease", "RB-ILD", "Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia", "LIP"
The queries were searched in Public_title, Scientific_title, and Condition. Export date: 03/15/2021. Trials are sorted by Date_enrollment from most recent to oldest in the table.
1 / 514 trial found
No.TrialIDDate_
enrollment
Date_
registration
Public_titleScientific_titleConditionInterventionPrimary_
sponsor
Secondary_
sponsor
Recruitment_
Status
Inclusion_
agemin
Inclusion_
agemax
Inclusion_
gender
Target_
size
PhaseCountries
1EUCTR2015-000492-27-FR
(EUCTR)
24/11/201511/09/2015N/AN/A - EXAFIP
MedDRA version: 18.0;Level: LLT;Classification code 10067761;Term: Exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis;System Organ Class: 100000004855
Trade Name: ENDOXAN
Product Name: ENDOXAN
INN or Proposed INN: Cyclosphamine
Other descriptive name: ENDOXAN
Trade Name: UROMITEXAN
Product Name: UROMITEXAN
INN or Proposed INN: MESNA
ASSISTANCE PUBLIQUE - HOPITAUX DE PARIS (AP-HP)NULLNot RecruitingFemale: yes
Male: yes
120Phase 3France

96. クローン病 [臨床試験数:2,209,薬物数:1,276(DrugBank:240),標的遺伝子数:166,標的パスウェイ数:210
Searched query = "Crohn disease", "Terminal ileitis"
The queries were searched in Public_title, Scientific_title, and Condition. Export date: 03/15/2021. Trials are sorted by Date_enrollment from most recent to oldest in the table.
1 / 2,209 trial found
No.TrialIDDate_
enrollment
Date_
registration
Public_titleScientific_titleConditionInterventionPrimary_
sponsor
Secondary_
sponsor
Recruitment_
Status
Inclusion_
agemin
Inclusion_
agemax
Inclusion_
gender
Target_
size
PhaseCountries
1EUCTR2005-003337-40-IT
(EUCTR)
19/11/200730/12/2008Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Crohn?s Disease: Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation International Crohn?s Disease Trial A multicentre, prospective, randomised phase III study conducted by the European Crohn?s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO), sponsored by the Autoimmune Disease Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) - ASTICAutologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Crohn?s Disease: Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation International Crohn?s Disease Trial A multicentre, prospective, randomised phase III study conducted by the European Crohn?s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO), sponsored by the Autoimmune Disease Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) - ASTIC Crohn`s disease
MedDRA version: 9.1;Level: LLT;Classification code 10013099;Term: Disease Crohns
Trade Name: ENDOXAN BAXTER
INN or Proposed INN: Cyclophosphamide
Trade Name: THYMOGLOBULINE
INN or Proposed INN: Antithymocyte immunoglobulin (rabbit)
WOLFSON DIGESTIVE DISEASES CENTRENULLAuthorised-recruitment may be ongoing or finishedFemale: yes
Male: yes
48Phase 3United Kingdom;Italy

222. 一次性ネフローゼ症候群 [臨床試験数:234,薬物数:241(DrugBank:78),標的遺伝子数:59,標的パスウェイ数:185
Searched query = "Primary nephrotic syndrome", "Minimal change nephrotic syndrome", "MCNS", "Membranous nephropathy", "Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis", "FSGS", "Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis", "MPGN"
The queries were searched in Public_title, Scientific_title, and Condition. Export date: 03/15/2021. Trials are sorted by Date_enrollment from most recent to oldest in the table.
1 / 234 trial found
No.TrialIDDate_
enrollment
Date_
registration
Public_titleScientific_titleConditionInterventionPrimary_
sponsor
Secondary_
sponsor
Recruitment_
Status
Inclusion_
agemin
Inclusion_
agemax
Inclusion_
gender
Target_
size
PhaseCountries
1EUCTR2011-006115-59-IT
(EUCTR)
11/06/201208/06/2012A Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab Versus Steroids and Cyclophosphamide in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN)A Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab Versus Steroids and Cyclophosphamide in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN) - GNM-2011 MN is an autoimmune disease, suggesting that the disease may be triggered by isotype specific autoantibodies directed against podocyte enzymes and podocyte receptors that are recognized as antigens. The key role of IgG antibodies formation in the pathogenesis of IMN suggests that B cell depletion may favourably impact the evolution of the glomerular disease and reduce proteinuria. We propose this study in order to test in a randomized controlled trial the hyp
MedDRA version: 14.1;Level: PT;Classification code 10018372;Term: Glomerulonephritis membranous;System Organ Class: 10038359 - Renal and urinary disorders;Therapeutic area: Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment [E] - Therapeutic techniques [E02]
Trade Name: MABTHERA*EV 1FL 50ML 500MG
Trade Name: URBASON*IM EV 1F 250MG+1F 5ML
Trade Name: MEDROL*10CPR DIV 4MG
Trade Name: ENDOXAN BAXTER*50CPR RIV 50MG
AZIENDA OSPEDALIERA SPEDALI CIVILI DI BRESCIANULLAuthorised-recruitment may be ongoing or finishedFemale: yes
Male: yes
Italy